The Museum’s collection of Byzantine and Postbyzantine icons includes items dating from all periods of Byzantine and Postbyzantine art and originating from Greece, Asia Minor and the Balkans.

The Sculptures Collection includes architectural parts and decorative items which cover chronologically all periods of Byzantine and Postbyzantine art, from early Christian times to 19th c.

The Collection includes more than 5,000 items. The collection consists primarily of Byzantine and post-Byzantine manuscript codices, early printed books, copperplate engravings, lithograph, “anthibola” (the working sketches by icon painters of the post-Byzantine period) and sketches.

The Museum’s Ceramic Collection contains approximately 3.000 objects date from early Christian to post-Byzantine times. The collection consists primarily of tableware, cookware, vessels for transportation and storage, lamps and tomb pottery. It also contains a large number of fragments from excavations.

The Loverdos Collection was imported in Byzantine and Christian Mouseum when the heirs of the collector Dionisios Loverdos, a banker from Cephalonia, gave for conservation and safekeeping a large part of the collection (approximately 600 items). The collection contains artworks of post-Byzantine art: icons, manuscripts, woodcarvings, ecclesiastical vestments (15th – 19th century).

The Minor Arts Collection of the Byzantine and Christian Museum includes approximately 4.000 objects. The collection contains artifacts mostly religious. There are also secular artifacts made of various materials and techniques date from 14th to 19th century.

The Museum’s Collection of Paintings includes approximately 110 paintings of religious and secular content, primarily pictures of pilgrimage sites in the Holy Land and a few portraits (18th – 20th century). They were painted on canvas, hardboard or industrial wood, usually in oil or tempera.

The Collection of Wall Paintings at the Byzantine Museum although it is limited in size (approximately 350 works), it is precious in the way in which the collection traces the development of monumental religious painting in Greece during the Byzantine and post-Byzantine periods.

The Historical Document Archive and the Historical Photographic Archive contain a large number of documents and other historical evidence which provide important information concerning Christian Archaeological Society’s foundation and history, as well as Byzantine Museum’s foundation and progress from the Supervisory Board and its Commissioner, Adamantios Adamantiou (1914-1923), to the last Directors Manolis Chatzidakis (1960) and Paul Lazaridis (1975).

The Museum’s Collection of Textiles includes approximately 1.000 secular and primarily ecclesiastical vestments originated from Greece, Balkans and Minor Asia date from 5th to 20th century. Special interest show the Coptic textiles from Egypt (5th - 8th century).

The Museum’s Collection of Replicas contains some 250 copies of important artworks of the Byzantine and post-Byzantine period, including wall-paintings, mosaics, icons and textiles. The pictures have been rendered on canvas or paper, while in fewer cases they have been rendered on plaster or industrial wood. The pictures have been executed in a variety of techniques and materials, including oil, tempera, watercolor, or tesserae, while others are drawings executed in charcoal or pencil. The replicas date from the last decades of the 19th century up to 1960s.

The Museum’s collection of Byzantine mosaic includes fragments of mosaic floor from Ilissos basilica in Athens dated to the 5th c., fragments of mosaic floor from an Athenian villa in the late Roman period and a fragment of mosaic floor dated to the first quarter of the 5th c. and belonged to what was probably a bathhouse.